THORACIC CAVITY
- ribs emotionally support chest wall
- rib is behind of vertebral column, but in front of sternum
- 12 pairs of ribs
- 2 outcasts though, since only 10 are connected to sternum (counting from top ribs)
- new muscles: EXTERNAL/INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES between the ribs
- these go back and forth between contraction/relaxing
- thorax is away from abdomen bc of DIAPHRAGM what a bully rip
- idk if important but diapharm is made of muscle and elastic tissue
INSPIRATION/INHALATION
- diaphragm CONTRACTS
- external CONTRACTS
- ribs move UP and OUTWARDS
- sternum moves UP and FORWARDS
- volume of thoracic cavity goes up
- lungs expand (rip why is this even mentioned common sense lang)
- air pressure goes down
- diffusion again yay!!!! air pressure from outside goes to inside ur lungs to force air in (hence why u cant forcefully hold ur breath for a long time :D)
EXPIRATION/EXHALATION
- just the exact opposite im too tired to type everything
- just remember RICE and ERIC
- also just common sense atp
GAS EXCHANGE
- alveoli goes from irrelevant to lodi here
- remember 2nd term? yea DIFFUSION ULIT RIP just remember high goes to low
OXYGEN
- alveoli is PERMEABLE to oxy and co2 :D
- alveolar air has higher concentration of oxy than blood, so DIFFUSION ULIT RIP
- oxy DISSOLVES sa moisture of alveoli walls into blood capillaries
- oxy COMBINES with haemoglobin in red blood cell to make oxyhaemoglobin
- oxyhaemoglobin can be reversible though if it decides to take on emo phase due to lack of oxy :((
- oxyhaemoglobin gets RELEASED like the giver to provide oxygen to oxygen poor cells :DD
CO2
- remember aerobic resp? yea the CO2 gets produced from there
- blood passes thru capillaries then the CO2 diffuses into the red blood cells
- CO2 reacts with water to make carbonic acid (not carsonic ha :D) which is caused by enzyme carbonic anhydrase thing
- carbonic acid is converted into hydrogencarbonate ions which then diffuse out of RBC
- process seemingly reverses (?) rip i dont understand this part LOL
- ions --> RBC --> carbonic acid --> water and CO2
- CO2 goes into alveoli again then u exhale then tapos
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
- breakdown of food molecules like glucose through OXIDATION.
- either aerobic on anaerobic
AEROBIC
- has oxy :D
- GLUCOSE + OXY = CO2 + WATER + ENERGY
- more complicated than just equation though bc of enzymes that mitochondria produces
ANAEROBIC
- no oxygen HUHU
- less energy
- more of a last resort
- yeast GLUCOSE + ETHANOL (easy to memorize ty rp dc) = CO2 + ENERGY (alcholic fermentation)
- muscle contractions GLUCOSE = LACTIC ACID + ENERGY
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- aids in gas exchange (air & blood and blood & cells)
- provides oxy, removes waste gas, protects airways from bad substances
PARTS OF RESP SYS
UPPER TRACT
- nostril = self explanatory
- nasal cavity = filters stuff
- oral cavitiy = actually digestive system LOL but acts as backup to nasal
- pharynx = food and air
- larynx = air lang rip
LOWER TRACT
- trachea = impossible to pronounce; basically extended larynx rip
- lung = self explanatory
- bronchi = trachea grew 2 legs
- bronchiole = delivers air thru network of 300m alveoli
- diaphragm = muscle, contracts and relaxes (skip to breathing mechanism :D)
ALVEOLI
- tiny balloon stuff that are smallest passageways of air
- same size as jus (1 cell thick) --> easy way for oxy and co2 to come in
- type 1 = gas exchange, type 2 = repairs itself
All Comments (6) Comments
THORACIC CAVITY
- ribs emotionally support chest wall
- rib is behind of vertebral column, but in front of sternum
- 12 pairs of ribs
- 2 outcasts though, since only 10 are connected to sternum (counting from top ribs)
- new muscles: EXTERNAL/INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES between the ribs
- these go back and forth between contraction/relaxing
- thorax is away from abdomen bc of DIAPHRAGM what a bully rip
- idk if important but diapharm is made of muscle and elastic tissue
INSPIRATION/INHALATION
- diaphragm CONTRACTS
- external CONTRACTS
- ribs move UP and OUTWARDS
- sternum moves UP and FORWARDS
- volume of thoracic cavity goes up
- lungs expand (rip why is this even mentioned common sense lang)
- air pressure goes down
- diffusion again yay!!!! air pressure from outside goes to inside ur lungs to force air in (hence why u cant forcefully hold ur breath for a long time :D)
EXPIRATION/EXHALATION
- just the exact opposite im too tired to type everything
- just remember RICE and ERIC
- also just common sense atp
- alveoli goes from irrelevant to lodi here
- remember 2nd term? yea DIFFUSION ULIT RIP just remember high goes to low
OXYGEN
- alveoli is PERMEABLE to oxy and co2 :D
- alveolar air has higher concentration of oxy than blood, so DIFFUSION ULIT RIP
- oxy DISSOLVES sa moisture of alveoli walls into blood capillaries
- oxy COMBINES with haemoglobin in red blood cell to make oxyhaemoglobin
- oxyhaemoglobin can be reversible though if it decides to take on emo phase due to lack of oxy :((
- oxyhaemoglobin gets RELEASED like the giver to provide oxygen to oxygen poor cells :DD
CO2
- remember aerobic resp? yea the CO2 gets produced from there
- blood passes thru capillaries then the CO2 diffuses into the red blood cells
- CO2 reacts with water to make carbonic acid (not carsonic ha :D) which is caused by enzyme carbonic anhydrase thing
- carbonic acid is converted into hydrogencarbonate ions which then diffuse out of RBC
- process seemingly reverses (?) rip i dont understand this part LOL
- ions --> RBC --> carbonic acid --> water and CO2
- CO2 goes into alveoli again then u exhale then tapos
- breakdown of food molecules like glucose through OXIDATION.
- either aerobic on anaerobic
AEROBIC
- has oxy :D
- GLUCOSE + OXY = CO2 + WATER + ENERGY
- more complicated than just equation though bc of enzymes that mitochondria produces
ANAEROBIC
- no oxygen HUHU
- less energy
- more of a last resort
- yeast GLUCOSE + ETHANOL (easy to memorize ty rp dc) = CO2 + ENERGY (alcholic fermentation)
- muscle contractions GLUCOSE = LACTIC ACID + ENERGY
- aids in gas exchange (air & blood and blood & cells)
- provides oxy, removes waste gas, protects airways from bad substances
PARTS OF RESP SYS
UPPER TRACT
- nostril = self explanatory
- nasal cavity = filters stuff
- oral cavitiy = actually digestive system LOL but acts as backup to nasal
- pharynx = food and air
- larynx = air lang rip
LOWER TRACT
- trachea = impossible to pronounce; basically extended larynx rip
- lung = self explanatory
- bronchi = trachea grew 2 legs
- bronchiole = delivers air thru network of 300m alveoli
- diaphragm = muscle, contracts and relaxes (skip to breathing mechanism :D)
ALVEOLI
- tiny balloon stuff that are smallest passageways of air
- same size as jus (1 cell thick) --> easy way for oxy and co2 to come in
- type 1 = gas exchange, type 2 = repairs itself